5. Regular Verbs
Brazilian Sayings •
Ir • Fazer
• Estar
• Ver
>>Portuguese Verbs
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Regular verbs have a invariable
radical (falar - to speak) and are easy to memorize.
Each conjugation follows a different, but regular pattern.
Below you will find an example
of regular verbs conjugated in all tenses available and used in
Portuguese.
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5.1. Indicative Simple Tenses
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falar (to speak)
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beber (to drink)
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assistir (to watch)
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presente (simple present)
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fal-o
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beb-o
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assist-o
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fal-a
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beb-e
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assist-e
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fal-amos
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beb-emos
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assist-imos
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fal-am
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beb-em
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assist-em
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Stress: falo/fala/falamos/falam
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pretérito perfeito simples (simple past/present perfect)
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fal-ei
I spoke
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beb-i
I drank
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assist-i
I watched
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fal-ou
You spoke
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beb-eu
You drank
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assist-iu
You drank
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fal-amos
We spoke
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beb-emos
We drank
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assist-imos
We watched
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fala-aram
They Spoke
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beb-eram
They drank
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asssist-iram
They watched
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Stress: falei/falou/falamos/falaram
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pretérito imperfeito (past imperfect)
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fal-ava
I used to speak
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beb-ia
I used to drink
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assist-ia
I used to watch
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fal-ava
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beb-ia
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assist-ia
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fal-ávamos
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beb-íamos
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assist-íamos
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fal-avam
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beb-iam
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assist-iam
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Stress: falava/falava/falávamos/falavam
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pretérito mais-que-perfeito simples (past perfect)
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fal-ara
I had spoken
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beb-era
I had spoken
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assist-ira
I had watched
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fal-ara
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beb-era
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assist-ira
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fal-áramos
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beb-êramos
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assist-íramos
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fala-aram
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beb-eram
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asssist-iram
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Stress: falara/falara/faláramos/falaram
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futuro (simple future)
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vou fal-ar
I'm going to speak
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vou beb-er
I'm going to drink
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vou assist-ir
I'm going to watch
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vai fal-ar
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vai beb-er
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vai assist-ir
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vamos fal-ar
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vamos beb-er
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vamos assist-ir
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vão fal-ar
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vão beb-er
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vão assist-ir
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Stress: vou/vai/vamos/vão + falar
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futuro do presente simples (simple future)
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fal-arei
I'm going to speak
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beb-erei
I'm going to drink
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assist-irei
I'm going to watch
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fal-ará
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beb-erá
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assist-irá
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fal-aremos
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beb-eremos
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assist-iremos
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fal-arão
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beb-erão
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assist-irão
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Stress: falarei/falará/falaremos/falarão
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futuro do pretérito simples (conditional)
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fal-aria
I would speak
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beb-eria
I would drink
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assist-iria
I would watch
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fal-aria
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beb-eria
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assist-iria
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fal-aríamos
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beb-eríamos
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assist-iríamos
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fal-ariam
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beb-eriam
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assist-iriam
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Stress: falaria/falaria/falaríamos/falariam
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Remark:
- The simple present is the tense with the most irregular verbs in Portuguese.
- The simple past is the most frequently used past tense in Portuguese.
- The past perfect tense (simple form) is rarely used nowadays, even
in the written form.
- There are two ways (simple and compound form) to express the simple
future in Portuguese. The compound form (ir + infinitive) is more frequently
used than the simple form.
- The conditional is also a tense in Portuguese.
Example:
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PORTUGUESE
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ENGLISH
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Eu falo
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I speak
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Eu falei
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I spoke
/ have spoken
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Eu falava
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I spoke
/ used to speak
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Eu falara = tinha falado
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I had spoken
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Eu vou falar = falarei
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I am going to / will speak
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Eu falaria
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I would speak
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5.2.
Indicative Continuous Tenses
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presente contínuo (present continuous)
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estou fal-ando
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estou beb-endo
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estou assist-indo
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está fal-ando
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está beb-endo
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está assist-indo
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estamos fal-ando
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estamos beb-endo
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estamos assist-indo
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estão fal-ando
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estão beb-endo
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estão assist-indo
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Stress: estou / está / estamos / estão + falando
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passado contínuo (past continuous)
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estava fal-ando
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estava beb-endo
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estava assist-indo
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estava fal-ando
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estava beb-endo
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estava assist-indo
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estávamos fal-ando
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estávamos beb-endo
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estávamos assist-indo
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estavam fal-ando
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estavam beb-endo
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estavam assist-indo
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Stress: estava / estávamos / estavam + falando
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Remark:
- In Portuguese, all verbs, with the exception of the verb estar
(to be), can be used to form the continuous tenses (progressive form).
- The Portuguese -ndo form corresponds to the English -ing form.
- To form the -ndo form, just drop the r from the infinitive
form and add -ndo. Example: falar > fala
> falando (to speak
> speaking)
Example:
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PORTUGUESE
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ENGLISH
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Eu estou / estava falando
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I am / was speaking
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5.3.
Indicative Compound (Perfect) Tenses
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pretérito perfeito composto (present perfect continuous/present
perfect)
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tenho fal-ado
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tenho beb-ido
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tenho assist-ido
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tem fal-ado
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tem beb-ido
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tem assist-ido
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temos fal-ado
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temos beb-ido
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temos assist-ido
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têm fal-ado
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têm beb-ido
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têm assist-ido
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Stress: tenho/tem/temos/têm + falado
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pretérito mais-que-perfeito composto (past perfect)
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tinha fal-ado
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tinha beb-ido
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tinha assist-ido
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tinha fal-ado
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tinha beb-ido
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tinha assist-ido
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tínhamos fal-ado
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tínhamos beb-ido
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tínhamos assist-ido
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tinham fal-ado
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tinham beb-ido
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tinham assist-ido
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Stress: tinha/tinha/tínhamos/tinham + falado
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futuro do presente composto (future perfect)
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terei fal-ado
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terei beb-ido
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terei assist-ido
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terá fal-ado
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terá beb-ido
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terá assist-ido
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teremos fal-ado
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teremos beb-ido
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teremos assist-ido
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terão fal-ado
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terão beb-ido
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terão assist-ido
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Stress: terei/terá/teremos/terão + falado
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futuro do pretérito composto (conditional perfect)
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teria fal-ado
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teria beb-ido
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teria assist-ido
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teria fal-ado
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teria beb-ido
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teria assist-ido
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teríamos fal-ado
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teríamos beb-ido
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teríamos assist-ido
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teriam fal-ado
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teriam beb-ido
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teriam assist-ido
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Stress: teria/teria/teríamos/teriam + falado
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Remark:
- The past perfect compound tense is preferred to the past perfect simple
tense.
- The future perfect, normally seen in the written form, is rarely used.
Example:
| PORTUGUESE |
ENGLISH |
| Eu tenho falado |
I have spoken/been speaking |
| Eu tinha falado = falara |
I had spoken |
| Eu terei falado |
I will have spoken |
| Eu teria falado |
I would have spoken |
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5.4.
Subjunctive Simple Tenses
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| presente do subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
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| fal-e |
beb-a |
assist-a |
| fal-e |
beb-a |
assist-a |
| fal-emos |
beb-amos |
assist-amos |
| fal-em |
beb-am |
assist-am |
| Stress: fale/fale/falemos/falem |
| imperfeito
do subjuntivo (imperfect subjunctive) |
| fal-asse |
beb-esse |
assist-isse |
| fal-asse |
beb-esse |
assist-isse |
| fal-ássemos |
beb-êssemos |
assist-íssemos |
| fal-assem |
beb-essem |
assist-issem |
| Stress: falasse/falasse/falássemos/falassem |
| futuro
simples do subjuntivo (future subjunctive) |
| fal-ar |
beb-er |
assist-ir |
| fal-ar |
beb-er |
assist-ir |
| fal-armos |
beb-ermos |
assist-irmos |
| fal-arem |
beb-erem |
assist-irem |
| Stress: falar/falar/falarmos/falarem |
Example:
| PORTUGUESE |
ENGLISH |
| Talvez eu fale |
Maybe I will
speak |
| Se eu falasse |
If I spoke |
| Quando eu falar |
Whenever I speak |
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5.5.
Subjunctive Continuous Tenses
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| presente
contínuo do subjuntivo (present continuous subjunctive) |
| esteja fal-ando |
esteja beb-endo |
esteja assist-indo |
| esteja fal-ando |
esteja beb-endo |
esteja assist-indo |
| estejamos fal-ando |
estejamos beb-endo |
estejamos assist-indo |
| estejam fal-ando |
estejam beb-endo |
estejam assist-indo |
| Stress: esteja/esteja/estejamos/estejam + falando |
| passado
contínuo do subjuntivo (past continuous subjunctive) |
| estivesse fal-ando |
estivesse beb-endo |
estivesse assist-indo |
| estivesse fal-ando |
estivesse beb-endo |
estivesse assist-indo |
| estivéssemos fal-ando |
estivéssemos beb-endo |
estivéssemos assist-indo |
| estivessem fal-ando |
estivessem beb-endo |
estivessem assist-indo |
| Stress: estivesse/estivesse/estivéssemos/estivessem + falando |
| futuro
contínuo do subjuntivo (future continuous subjunctive) |
| estiver fal-ando |
estiver beb-endo |
estiver assist-indo |
| estiver fal-ando |
estiver beb-endo |
estiver assist-indo |
| estivermos fal-ando |
estivermos beb-endo |
estivermos assist-indo |
| estiverem fal-ando |
estiverem beb-endo |
estiverem assist-indo |
| Stress: estiver/estiver/estivermos/estiverem + falando |
Example:
| PORTUGUESE |
ENGLISH |
| Talvez eu esteja
falando |
Maybe I am
speaking |
| Se eu estivesse
falando |
If I were speaking |
| Quando eu estiver
falando |
When I am speaking |
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5.6.
Subjunctive Compound Tenses
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| pretérito
perfeito do subjuntivo (present perfect subjunctive) |
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tenha fal-ado
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tenha beb-ido
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tenha assist-ido
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tenha fal-ado
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tenha beb-ido
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tenha assist-ido
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tenhamos fal-ado
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tenhamos beb-ido
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tenhamos assist-ido
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tenham fal-ado
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tenham beb-ido
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tenham assist-ido
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| Stress: tenha/tenha/tenhamos/tenham + falado |
| pretérito
mais-que-perfeito do subjuntivo (past perfect subjunctive) |
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tivesse fal-ado
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tivesse beb-ido
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tivesse assist-ido
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tivesse fal-ado
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tivesse beb-ido
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tivesse assist-ido
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tivéssemos fal-ado
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tivéssemos beb-ido
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tivéssemos assist-ido
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tivessem fal-ado
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tivessem beb-ido
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tivessem assist-ido
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| Stress: tivesse/tivesse/tivéssemos/tivessem + falado |
| futuro
composto do subjuntivo (future perfect subjunctive) |
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tiver fal-ado
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tiver beb-ido
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tiver assist-ido
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tiver fal-ado
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tiver beb-ido
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tiver assist-ido
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tivermos fal-ado
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tivermos beb-ido
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tivermos assist-ido
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tiverem fal-ado
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tiverem beb-ido
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tiverem assist-ido
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| Stress: tiver/tiver/tivermos/tiverem + falado |
Example:
| PORTUGUESE |
ENGLISH |
| Talvez eu tenha
falado |
Maybe I have
spoken |
| Se eu tivesse
falado |
If I had spoken |
| Quando eu tiver
falado |
Whenever I
have spoken |
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5.7. Imperative (command)
| imperativo
(command) |
| fal-a = fal-e |
beb-e = beb-a |
assist-e = assist-a |
| fal-em |
beb-am |
assistam |
| Stress: fala/fale/falem |
Remark:
- In Brazil, there are two singular forms for expressing the command.
The first one (fala) is widely used in the spoken
and the second one (fale) in the written language.
- There is one more form (falemos/bebamos/assistamos) which refers
to the subject pronoun nós (we), but it is rarely used. There
is no need to learn it except for Vamos (Let's go).
Example:
| PORTUGUESE |
ENGLISH |
| (Não) fala/fale/falem |
(Do not) speak
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5.8.
Personal Infinitive
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| infinitivo pessoal
presente simples (personal infinitive - simple form) |
| fal-ar |
beb-er |
assist-ir |
| fal-ar |
beb-er |
assist-ir |
| fal-armos |
beb-ermos |
assist-irmos |
| fal-arem |
beb-erem |
assist-irem |
| Stress: falar/falar/falarmos/falarem |
| infinitivo pessoal
pretérito composto (personal infinitive - compound form) |
| ter fal-ado |
ter beb-ido |
ter assist-ido |
| ter fal-ado |
ter beb-ido |
ter assist-ido |
| termos fal-ado |
termos beb-ido |
termos assist-ido |
| terem fal-ado |
terem beb-ido |
terem assist-ido |
| Stress: ter/ter/termos/terem + falado |
Remark:
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The personal infinitive is a feature available only in the Portuguese
language.
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The personal infinitive is easy to confuse with the future subjunctive
because the regular verbs have the same form in both tenses, but the
rules for using the personal infinitive and the future subjunctive
are completely different.
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For those interested
in learning Portuguese seriously, there is a chapter (Portuguese Tenses)
in the Portuguese Grammar
book which explains in detail and give all the rules for using the
personal infinitive and the other tenses available and used in Portuguese.
Example:
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PORTUGUESE
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ENGLISH
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Depois de eu falar
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After I spoke
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Depois de eu ter falado
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After I have spoken
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5.9.
Participles
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gerúndio presente (present participle - simple form)
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fal-ando
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beb-endo
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assist-indo
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Stress: falando
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gerúndio pretérito (present participle - compound
form)
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tendo fal-ado
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tendo beb-ido
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tendo assist-ido
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Stress: tendo falado
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particípio (past participle - regular form)
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fal-ado
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beb-ido
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assist-ido
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Stress: falado
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Remark:
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The present participle,
called gerund in Portuguese, is usually used to form the continuous
tenses and with a few verbs. It is not used after prepositions and
it does not have a noun or an adjective function as in English.
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The past participle can
be regular or irregular as in English. In fact, there
are only a few frequently used verbs which have irregular past participles.
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In Portuguese, there
are a few verbs which have two past participles, a regular
and an irregular one. The regular form (invariable) is used to form
compound (perfect) tenses (ter + past participle) while the
irregular form (variable in gender and in number) is mainly used to
form the passive voice.
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